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dirty

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verb

dirty

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adverb

Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective dirty differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of dirty are filthy, foul, nasty, and squalid. While all these words mean "conspicuously unclean or impure," dirty emphasizes the presence of dirt more than an emotional reaction to it or, figuratively, stresses meanness or despicableness.

a dirty littered street
don't ask me to do your dirty work

When is it sensible to use filthy instead of dirty?

The words filthy and dirty are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, filthy carries a strong suggestion of offensiveness and typically of gradually accumulated dirt that begrimes and besmears. Figuratively, it can also describe disgusting obscenity.

a stained greasy floor, utterly filthy
filthy street language

When could foul be used to replace dirty?

The meanings of foul and dirty largely overlap; however, foul implies extreme offensiveness and an accumulation of what is rotten or stinking; it can also describe, for example, loathsome behavior.

a foul-smelling open sewer
a foul story of lust and greed

How does the word nasty relate to other synonyms for dirty?

Nasty applies to what is actually foul or is repugnant to one expecting freshness, cleanliness, or sweetness; in practice, however, nasty is often weakened to the point of being no more than a synonym of unpleasant or disagreeable. When used figuratively, nasty implies a peculiarly offensive unpleasantness.

it's a nasty job to clean up after a sick cat
had a nasty fall
his answer gave her a nasty shock
a stand-up comedian known for nasty humor

Where would squalid be a reasonable alternative to dirty?

While the synonyms squalid and dirty are close in meaning, squalid adds to the idea of dirtiness and filth that of slovenly neglect. Distinctively, its figurative use implies sordidness as well as baseness and dirtiness.

squalid slums
engaged in a series of squalid affairs

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of dirty
Adjective
This also prevents your meat mallet from getting dirty as well. Daley Quinn, Southern Living, 6 Apr. 2025 Tsunoda then spent the second stint starting at the rear wing of Fernando Alonso’s Aston Martin, again toiling in the dirty air. Luke Smith, New York Times, 6 Apr. 2025
Verb
Arizona Republic Cool weather and the holiday season may seem like the perfect excuse to cozy up by the fire, but too many blazing yule logs can dirty the air and put some of your neighbors at risk. Hayleigh Evans, The Arizona Republic, 16 Dec. 2024 Instead, Walz seems to have little to say about factory farming dirtying the state’s waterways. Kenny Torrella, Vox, 7 Dec. 2018
Adverb
The campaign gained intensity when photos circulated on the Internet of Ya Ya looking dirty and gaunt (by panda standards) with patchy fur. Ashraf Khalil and Didi Tang, The Christian Science Monitor, 3 Oct. 2023 During the Cold War, Washington routinely played dirty to protect the liberal order. Victor Cha, Foreign Affairs, 14 Dec. 2022 See All Example Sentences for dirty
Recent Examples of Synonyms for dirty
Adjective
  • Aurangzeb imprisoned his ailing father in 1658 and defeated his brother the year after, before forcibly parading him in chains on a filthy elephant on the streets of Delhi.
    Rhea Mogul, CNN Money, 18 Apr. 2025
  • The network has ordered Gordon Ramsay’s Secret Service, which will see the celebrity chef go undercover to rescue America’s filthiest restaurants.
    Peter White, Deadline, 10 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Deputies found and arrested Betancourt, who was sentenced March 21 to six years and eight months in state prison for felony child abuse causing injury, felony domestic violence, witness intimidation, and possession of obscene matter depicting persons under age 18 engaged in lewd conduct.
    Bay City News Service, Mercury News, 13 Apr. 2025
  • Lovable, charming and generous, yet temperamental, arrogant and obscene.
    Matthew Carey, Deadline, 11 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Interesting, turbulent life (including 22 years in prison).
    Jay Nordlinger, National Review, 14 Apr. 2025
  • Overanalyzing every win and loss will make your journey feel more turbulent than necessary.
    Nelson Chu, Forbes.com, 14 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Verdugo had one more at-bat, closing out the bottom of the eighth inning with a foul pop out off another reliever, Cole Sands.
    Nicholas Creel, MSNBC Newsweek, 19 Apr. 2025
  • The Pistons foul at one of the highest rates in the league, and both Brunson and Towns will get their share of points from the floor and foul line.
    Jay Ginsbach, Forbes.com, 17 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Switching out a pump in a pit filled with raw sewage is nasty work.
    Tim Carter, Hartford Courant, 12 Apr. 2025
  • The bear is back and things may stay nasty for the rest of 2025.
    Brett Owens, Forbes.com, 10 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • Their tech lets clothing companies show off a wide variety of sizes and styles—and for a whole lot cheaper.
    Alexandra York, Forbes.com, 15 Apr. 2025
  • In Flacco and Pickett, the Browns have two veteran backups on cheap contracts signed only for 2025.
    Zac Jackson, New York Times, 14 Apr. 2025
Verb
  • If Bonhoeffer’s example is used to justify more far-right Christian violence in America, that would be another tragedy — and a cruel irony that would stain the legacy of a man who gave up everything to confront a tyrant.
    John Blake, CNN Money, 13 Apr. 2025
  • Pérez's manager, Enrique Paulino, spoke to reporters at the scene, his shirt stained with blood.
    Gordon G. Chang, MSNBC Newsweek, 8 Apr. 2025
Adjective
  • On the outskirts of Lima, Peru, locals stumbled upon some dusty items in a vacant lot.
    Aspen Pflughoeft, Miami Herald, 9 Apr. 2025
  • Outside, Archer Avenue is lonesome in the daylight, austere Resurrection Cemetery stretching along one side and depressed dusty parking lots and industrial-looking buildings lining the other side.
    Christopher Borrelli, Chicago Tribune, 8 Apr. 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Dirty.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/dirty. Accessed 23 Apr. 2025.

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